pratyaksa: direct perception
anumana: inference
agamah: texts or scriptures, a person who is a scriptural authority and whose word can be relied on
pramanani: kinds of proof
Correct knowledge is direct, inferred or proven as factual.
There are three ways to know something correctly: you can know from your own direct perception, from deduction, from trusted scriptures and persons of authority.
pramana: valid / correct knowledge viparyaya: inverted, perverse vikalpa: doubt, indecision, imagination or day-dreaming nidra: sleep smrtayah: memory They are caused by correct knowledge, illusion, delusion, sleep and memory. The five-fold fluctuations of consciousness.
yogah: union or integration citta: consciousness vrtti: fluctuations nirodhah: restraint Yoga is the cessation of the movements in the consciousness. This is definition of yoga. The study of the consciousness with an attempt to bring the thoughts under our control.
atha: now, auspiciousness, a prayer yoga: joining, union, junction, combination anusasanam: advice, direction, order, command, instructions With prayers for divine blessings, now begins an exposition of the sacred art of yoga. We can begin our study of yoga now. Anytime. Patanjali gives the instructions to follow on the path.
tada: then, at that time drastuh: the soul svarupe: in his state avasthanam: dwells Then, the seer dwells in his own true splendor. When the consciousness is stilled then our impression of our self is no longer distorted.
viparyayah: perverse, unreal mithyajnanam: illusory knowledge atadrupa: not in its own form pratistham: occupying, standing, seeing, beholding Illusory or erroneous knowledge is based on non-fact or the non-real. A false conception can generate wrong feelings. Our consciousness then responds to the wrong feelings by generating more thoughts, based on the original false impression. A vicious…
abhava: feeling of non-being, absence of awareness pratyaya: going toward conviction, trust alambana: support, abode, dependence on a prop vrttih: function, condition, thought-wave nidra: sleep without dreams Sleep is the non-deliberate absence of thought-waves or knowledge. In a dreamless sleep the consciousness is stilled without any effort.
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Beginning Sept. 2 classes will be held at Grace Episcopal Church. See the schedule. |
